What does “feed rate” refer to in CNC milling?

Feed rate in CNC milling specifically refers to the speed at which the cutting tool advances through the material being machined. This parameter is crucial because it directly influences the machining efficiency, surface finish, and tool life. A properly set feed rate ensures that the tool can effectively cut the material without causing excessive wear or damage to both the tool and the workpiece.

The feed rate is typically measured in inches per minute (IPM) or millimeters per minute (mm/min) and is determined based on several factors, including the type of material, cutter size, cutting tool geometry, and the desired finish quality. Adjusting the feed rate allows machinists to optimize their processes for faster production times or improved surface finishes, depending on the machining requirements.

In contrast, the rotation speed of the machine spindle focuses on the speed at which the tool spins during operation, rather than how quickly it moves through the material. Meanwhile, the amount of coolant used pertains to the lubrication and cooling during the milling process and does not relate to the movement of the tool itself. Lastly, tool wear is a gradual process that occurs over time and does not define the movement of the tool through the workpiece. Hence, feed rate is a distinct and critical concept in the context of