What is the difference between linear interpolation and circular interpolation in G-code?

The distinction between linear interpolation and circular interpolation in G-code is fundamental to CNC machining. Linear interpolation refers to movements made in a straight line from one coordinate point to another, which is achieved using G-code commands that specify a linear route to the desired endpoint. For example, a move from point A to point B, where the cutter moves through the shortest distance, represents linear interpolation.

On the other hand, circular interpolation involves the cutter moving along a circular arc between two points. This type of movement is particularly useful for creating rounded features or curves in a part. Circular interpolation is typically controlled by using commands that define the center point of the circle as well as the start and end angles, allowing for complex curved paths that would not be possible with linear interpolation.

The correct answer highlights this key difference, making it clear that linear moves are direct and straight, while circular moves are along an arc. Understanding this difference is essential for producing accurate parts with the desired geometries in CNC machining.