What is the role of coolant in CNC milling operations?

The role of coolant in CNC milling operations is primarily to lubricate and cool the cutting tool and the workpiece. When metal is machined, the cutting process generates significant heat due to friction between the tool and the material. This heat can lead to tool wear, reduced tool life, and potential damage to the workpiece. By applying coolant, the temperature is effectively managed, which not only helps in prolonging the life of the cutting tool but also improves the overall quality of the machined part.

Moreover, the lubrication provided by the coolant reduces friction, which can lead to smoother cuts and better surface finishes. Additionally, the coolant helps in flushing away chips and debris generated during the milling process, preventing them from interfering with the machining operation.

Other possibilities, like increasing temperature or conserving energy, do not align with the primary functions of coolant. While cleaning the machine might be a secondary benefit in some cases, it is not the main role of the coolant in CNC milling operations. Therefore, the correct answer highlights coolant's essential functions in maintaining the efficiency and effectiveness of the machining process.